Protogothic
Protogothic script evolved out of Carolingian Minuscule under the influence of Anglo-Saxon script. There is a slow evolution between Carolingian Minuscule, Protogothic, and into the Gothic scripts over the course of a few centuries. It is a transitional script. It is characterized by a narrowing of letterforms, a change from a round to an oval form of the letter O, and greater use of ligatures and fusion (two letters that share an overlapping feature). Since it is transitional, Paleographers are ambivalent about when transitions between the scripts are clearly defined. The way scripts changed depended on time and place throughout Europe.